--- a/include/linux/hugetlb_cgroup.h
+++ b/include/linux/hugetlb_cgroup.h
@@ -113,6 +113,11 @@ static inline bool hugetlb_cgroup_disabl
 	return !cgroup_subsys_enabled(hugetlb_cgrp_subsys);
 }
 
+static inline void hugetlb_cgroup_put_rsvd_cgroup(struct hugetlb_cgroup *h_cg)
+{
+	css_put(&h_cg->css);
+}
+
 extern int hugetlb_cgroup_charge_cgroup(int idx, unsigned long nr_pages,
 					struct hugetlb_cgroup **ptr);
 extern int hugetlb_cgroup_charge_cgroup_rsvd(int idx, unsigned long nr_pages,
@@ -138,7 +143,8 @@ extern void hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_coun
 
 extern void hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_file_region(struct resv_map *resv,
 						struct file_region *rg,
-						unsigned long nr_pages);
+						unsigned long nr_pages,
+						bool region_del);
 
 extern void hugetlb_cgroup_file_init(void) __init;
 extern void hugetlb_cgroup_migrate(struct page *oldhpage,
@@ -147,7 +153,8 @@ extern void hugetlb_cgroup_migrate(struc
 #else
 static inline void hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_file_region(struct resv_map *resv,
 						       struct file_region *rg,
-						       unsigned long nr_pages)
+						       unsigned long nr_pages,
+						       bool region_del)
 {
 }
 
@@ -185,6 +192,10 @@ static inline bool hugetlb_cgroup_disabl
 	return true;
 }
 
+static inline void hugetlb_cgroup_put_rsvd_cgroup(struct hugetlb_cgroup *h_cg)
+{
+}
+
 static inline int hugetlb_cgroup_charge_cgroup(int idx, unsigned long nr_pages,
 					       struct hugetlb_cgroup **ptr)
 {
--- a/mm/hugetlb.c
+++ b/mm/hugetlb.c
@@ -285,6 +285,17 @@ static void record_hugetlb_cgroup_unchar
 		nrg->reservation_counter =
 			&h_cg->rsvd_hugepage[hstate_index(h)];
 		nrg->css = &h_cg->css;
+		/*
+		 * The caller will hold exactly one h_cg->css reference for the
+		 * whole contiguous reservation region. But this area might be
+		 * scattered when there are already some file_regions reside in
+		 * it. As a result, many file_regions may share only one css
+		 * reference. In order to ensure that one file_region must hold
+		 * exactly one h_cg->css reference, we should do css_get for
+		 * each file_region and leave the reference held by caller
+		 * untouched.
+		 */
+		css_get(&h_cg->css);
 		if (!resv->pages_per_hpage)
 			resv->pages_per_hpage = pages_per_huge_page(h);
 		/* pages_per_hpage should be the same for all entries in
@@ -298,6 +309,14 @@ static void record_hugetlb_cgroup_unchar
 #endif
 }
 
+static void put_uncharge_info(struct file_region *rg)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_HUGETLB
+	if (rg->css)
+		css_put(rg->css);
+#endif
+}
+
 static bool has_same_uncharge_info(struct file_region *rg,
 				   struct file_region *org)
 {
@@ -321,6 +340,7 @@ static void coalesce_file_region(struct
 		prg->to = rg->to;
 
 		list_del(&rg->link);
+		put_uncharge_info(rg);
 		kfree(rg);
 
 		rg = prg;
@@ -332,6 +352,7 @@ static void coalesce_file_region(struct
 		nrg->from = rg->from;
 
 		list_del(&rg->link);
+		put_uncharge_info(rg);
 		kfree(rg);
 	}
 }
@@ -664,7 +685,7 @@ retry:
 
 			del += t - f;
 			hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_file_region(
-				resv, rg, t - f);
+				resv, rg, t - f, false);
 
 			/* New entry for end of split region */
 			nrg->from = t;
@@ -685,7 +706,7 @@ retry:
 		if (f <= rg->from && t >= rg->to) { /* Remove entire region */
 			del += rg->to - rg->from;
 			hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_file_region(resv, rg,
-							    rg->to - rg->from);
+							    rg->to - rg->from, true);
 			list_del(&rg->link);
 			kfree(rg);
 			continue;
@@ -693,13 +714,13 @@ retry:
 
 		if (f <= rg->from) {	/* Trim beginning of region */
 			hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_file_region(resv, rg,
-							    t - rg->from);
+							    t - rg->from, false);
 
 			del += t - rg->from;
 			rg->from = t;
 		} else {		/* Trim end of region */
 			hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_file_region(resv, rg,
-							    rg->to - f);
+							    rg->to - f, false);
 
 			del += rg->to - f;
 			rg->to = f;
@@ -5189,6 +5210,10 @@ int hugetlb_reserve_pages(struct inode *
 			 */
 			long rsv_adjust;
 
+			/*
+			 * hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_cgroup_rsvd() will put the
+			 * reference to h_cg->css. See comment below for detail.
+			 */
 			hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_cgroup_rsvd(
 				hstate_index(h),
 				(chg - add) * pages_per_huge_page(h), h_cg);
@@ -5196,6 +5221,14 @@ int hugetlb_reserve_pages(struct inode *
 			rsv_adjust = hugepage_subpool_put_pages(spool,
 								chg - add);
 			hugetlb_acct_memory(h, -rsv_adjust);
+		} else if (h_cg) {
+			/*
+			 * The file_regions will hold their own reference to
+			 * h_cg->css. So we should release the reference held
+			 * via hugetlb_cgroup_charge_cgroup_rsvd() when we are
+			 * done.
+			 */
+			hugetlb_cgroup_put_rsvd_cgroup(h_cg);
 		}
 	}
 	return 0;
--- a/mm/hugetlb_cgroup.c
+++ b/mm/hugetlb_cgroup.c
@@ -391,7 +391,8 @@ void hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_counter(str
 
 void hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_file_region(struct resv_map *resv,
 					 struct file_region *rg,
-					 unsigned long nr_pages)
+					 unsigned long nr_pages,
+					 bool region_del)
 {
 	if (hugetlb_cgroup_disabled() || !resv || !rg || !nr_pages)
 		return;
@@ -400,7 +401,12 @@ void hugetlb_cgroup_uncharge_file_region
 	    !resv->reservation_counter) {
 		page_counter_uncharge(rg->reservation_counter,
 				      nr_pages * resv->pages_per_hpage);
-		css_put(rg->css);
+		/*
+		 * Only do css_put(rg->css) when we delete the entire region
+		 * because one file_region must hold exactly one css reference.
+		 */
+		if (region_del)
+			css_put(rg->css);
 	}
 }
 
