diff --git a/docs/system/deprecated.rst b/docs/system/deprecated.rst
index 0ebce37a1919..32a0e620dbb9 100644
--- a/docs/system/deprecated.rst
+++ b/docs/system/deprecated.rst
@@ -257,7 +257,8 @@ the 'wait' field, which is only applicable to sockets in server mode
 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

 Use the more generic commands ``block-export-add`` and ``block-export-del``
-instead.
+instead.  As part of this deprecation, where ``nbd-server-add`` used a
+single ``bitmap``, the new ``block-export-add`` uses a list of ``bitmaps``.

 Human Monitor Protocol (HMP) commands
 -------------------------------------
diff --git a/qapi/block-export.json b/qapi/block-export.json
index 480c497690b0..c4125f4d2104 100644
--- a/qapi/block-export.json
+++ b/qapi/block-export.json
@@ -63,10 +63,10 @@
             '*max-connections': 'uint32' } }

 ##
-# @BlockExportOptionsNbd:
+# @BlockExportOptionsNbdBase:
 #
-# An NBD block export (options shared between nbd-server-add and the NBD branch
-# of block-export-add).
+# An NBD block export (common options shared between nbd-server-add and
+# the NBD branch of block-export-add).
 #
 # @name: Export name. If unspecified, the @device parameter is used as the
 #        export name. (Since 2.12)
@@ -74,15 +74,27 @@
 # @description: Free-form description of the export, up to 4096 bytes.
 #               (Since 5.0)
 #
-# @bitmap: Also export the dirty bitmap reachable from @device, so the
-#          NBD client can use NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT with
-#          "qemu:dirty-bitmap:NAME" to inspect the bitmap. (since 4.0)
-#
 # Since: 5.0
 ##
+{ 'struct': 'BlockExportOptionsNbdBase',
+  'data': { '*name': 'str', '*description': 'str' } }
+
+##
+# @BlockExportOptionsNbd:
+#
+# An NBD block export (distinct options used in the NBD branch of
+# block-export-add).
+#
+# @bitmaps: Also export each of the named dirty bitmaps reachable from
+#           @device, so the NBD client can use NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT with
+#           the metadata context name "qemu:dirty-bitmap:BITMAP" to inspect
+#           each bitmap.
+#
+# Since: 5.2
+##
 { 'struct': 'BlockExportOptionsNbd',
-  'data': { '*name': 'str', '*description': 'str',
-            '*bitmap': 'str' } }
+  'base': 'BlockExportOptionsNbdBase',
+  'data': { '*bitmaps': ['str'] } }

 ##
 # @BlockExportOptionsVhostUserBlk:
@@ -106,19 +118,24 @@
 ##
 # @NbdServerAddOptions:
 #
-# An NBD block export.
+# An NBD block export, per legacy nbd-server-add command.
 #
 # @device: The device name or node name of the node to be exported
 #
 # @writable: Whether clients should be able to write to the device via the
 #            NBD connection (default false).
 #
+# @bitmap: Also export a single dirty bitmap reachable from @device, so the
+#          NBD client can use NBD_OPT_SET_META_CONTEXT with the metadata
+#          context name "qemu:dirty-bitmap:BITMAP" to inspect the bitmap
+#          (since 4.0).
+#
 # Since: 5.0
 ##
 { 'struct': 'NbdServerAddOptions',
-  'base': 'BlockExportOptionsNbd',
+  'base': 'BlockExportOptionsNbdBase',
   'data': { 'device': 'str',
-            '*writable': 'bool' } }
+            '*writable': 'bool', '*bitmap': 'str' } }

 ##
 # @nbd-server-add:
diff --git a/blockdev-nbd.c b/blockdev-nbd.c
index cee9134b12eb..d8443d235b73 100644
--- a/blockdev-nbd.c
+++ b/blockdev-nbd.c
@@ -209,8 +209,12 @@ void qmp_nbd_server_add(NbdServerAddOptions *arg, Error **errp)
         .has_writable           = arg->has_writable,
         .writable               = arg->writable,
     };
-    QAPI_CLONE_MEMBERS(BlockExportOptionsNbd, &export_opts->u.nbd,
+    QAPI_CLONE_MEMBERS(BlockExportOptionsNbdBase, &export_opts->u.nbd,
                        qapi_NbdServerAddOptions_base(arg));
+    if (arg->has_bitmap) {
+        export_opts->u.nbd.has_bitmaps = true;
+        QAPI_LIST_PREPEND(export_opts->u.nbd.bitmaps, g_strdup(arg->bitmap));
+    }

     /*
      * nbd-server-add doesn't complain when a read-only device should be
diff --git a/nbd/server.c b/nbd/server.c
index 08b621f70a3a..8d01662b4511 100644
--- a/nbd/server.c
+++ b/nbd/server.c
@@ -1474,6 +1474,7 @@ static int nbd_export_create(BlockExport *blk_exp, BlockExportOptions *exp_args,
     uint64_t perm, shared_perm;
     bool readonly = !exp_args->writable;
     bool shared = !exp_args->writable;
+    strList *bitmaps;
     int ret;

     assert(exp_args->type == BLOCK_EXPORT_TYPE_NBD);
@@ -1533,12 +1534,18 @@ static int nbd_export_create(BlockExport *blk_exp, BlockExportOptions *exp_args,
     }
     exp->size = QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(size, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);

-    if (arg->bitmap) {
+    /* XXX Allow more than one bitmap */
+    if (arg->bitmaps && arg->bitmaps->next) {
+        error_setg(errp, "multiple bitmaps per export not supported yet");
+        return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+    }
+    for (bitmaps = arg->bitmaps; bitmaps; bitmaps = bitmaps->next) {
+        const char *bitmap = bitmaps->value;
         BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(blk);
         BdrvDirtyBitmap *bm = NULL;

         while (bs) {
-            bm = bdrv_find_dirty_bitmap(bs, arg->bitmap);
+            bm = bdrv_find_dirty_bitmap(bs, bitmap);
             if (bm != NULL) {
                 break;
             }
@@ -1548,7 +1555,7 @@ static int nbd_export_create(BlockExport *blk_exp, BlockExportOptions *exp_args,

         if (bm == NULL) {
             ret = -ENOENT;
-            error_setg(errp, "Bitmap '%s' is not found", arg->bitmap);
+            error_setg(errp, "Bitmap '%s' is not found", bitmap);
             goto fail;
         }

@@ -1562,15 +1569,15 @@ static int nbd_export_create(BlockExport *blk_exp, BlockExportOptions *exp_args,
             ret = -EINVAL;
             error_setg(errp,
                        "Enabled bitmap '%s' incompatible with readonly export",
-                       arg->bitmap);
+                       bitmap);
             goto fail;
         }

         bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_busy(bm, true);
         exp->export_bitmap = bm;
-        assert(strlen(arg->bitmap) <= BDRV_BITMAP_MAX_NAME_SIZE);
+        assert(strlen(bitmap) <= BDRV_BITMAP_MAX_NAME_SIZE);
         exp->export_bitmap_context = g_strdup_printf("qemu:dirty-bitmap:%s",
-                                                     arg->bitmap);
+                                                     bitmap);
         assert(strlen(exp->export_bitmap_context) < NBD_MAX_STRING_SIZE);
     }

diff --git a/qemu-nbd.c b/qemu-nbd.c
index a0701cdf369d..74e73a74657b 100644
--- a/qemu-nbd.c
+++ b/qemu-nbd.c
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
     QDict *options = NULL;
     const char *export_name = NULL; /* defaults to "" later for server mode */
     const char *export_description = NULL;
-    const char *bitmap = NULL;
+    strList *bitmaps = NULL;
     const char *tlscredsid = NULL;
     bool imageOpts = false;
     bool writethrough = true;
@@ -690,7 +690,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
             flags &= ~BDRV_O_RDWR;
             break;
         case 'B':
-            bitmap = optarg;
+            QAPI_LIST_PREPEND(bitmaps, g_strdup(optarg));
             break;
         case 'k':
             sockpath = optarg;
@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
         }
         if (export_name || export_description || dev_offset ||
-            device || disconnect || fmt || sn_id_or_name || bitmap ||
+            device || disconnect || fmt || sn_id_or_name || bitmaps ||
             seen_aio || seen_discard || seen_cache) {
             error_report("List mode is incompatible with per-device settings");
             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
@@ -1067,12 +1067,12 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         .has_writable       = true,
         .writable           = !readonly,
         .u.nbd = {
-            .has_name           = true,
-            .name               = g_strdup(export_name),
-            .has_description    = !!export_description,
-            .description        = g_strdup(export_description),
-            .has_bitmap         = !!bitmap,
-            .bitmap             = g_strdup(bitmap),
+            .has_name             = true,
+            .name                 = g_strdup(export_name),
+            .has_description      = !!export_description,
+            .description          = g_strdup(export_description),
+            .has_bitmaps          = !!bitmaps,
+            .bitmaps              = bitmaps,
         },
     };
     blk_exp_add(export_opts, &error_fatal);
