commit 14039e87e5d14f026f23562632e84ea9a93f3c49
Author: Torvald Riegel <triegel@redhat.com>
Date:   Sat Dec 24 00:40:46 2016 +0100

    Add compiler barriers around modifications of the robust mutex list.
    
    Any changes to the per-thread list of robust mutexes currently acquired as
    well as the pending-operations entry are not simply sequential code but
    basically concurrent with any actions taken by the kernel when it tries
    to clean up after a crash.  This is not quite like multi-thread concurrency
    but more like signal-handler concurrency.
    This patch fixes latent bugs by adding compiler barriers where necessary so
    that it is ensured that the kernel crash handling sees consistent data.
    
    	* nptl/descr.h (ENQUEUE_MUTEX_BOTH, DEQUEUE_MUTEX): Add compiler
    	barriers and comments.
    	* nptl/pthread_mutex_lock.c (__pthread_mutex_lock_full): Likewise.
    	* nptl/pthread_mutex_timedlock.c (pthread_mutex_timedlock): Likewise.
    	* nptl/pthread_mutex_unlock.c (__pthread_mutex_unlock_full): Likewise.

diff --git a/nptl/descr.h b/nptl/descr.h
index 7a6a94f..a145860 100644
--- a/nptl/descr.h
+++ b/nptl/descr.h
@@ -179,7 +179,16 @@ struct pthread
      but the pointer to the next/previous element of the list points
      in the middle of the object, the __next element.  Whenever
      casting to __pthread_list_t we need to adjust the pointer
-     first.  */
+     first.
+     These operations are effectively concurrent code in that the thread
+     can get killed at any point in time and the kernel takes over.  Thus,
+     the __next elements are a kind of concurrent list and we need to
+     enforce using compiler barriers that the individual operations happen
+     in such a way that the kernel always sees a consistent list.  The
+     backward links (ie, the __prev elements) are not used by the kernel.
+     FIXME We should use relaxed MO atomic operations here and signal fences
+     because this kind of concurrency is similar to synchronizing with a
+     signal handler.  */
 # define QUEUE_PTR_ADJUST (offsetof (__pthread_list_t, __next))
 
 # define ENQUEUE_MUTEX_BOTH(mutex, val)					      \
@@ -191,6 +200,8 @@ struct pthread
     mutex->__data.__list.__next = THREAD_GETMEM (THREAD_SELF,		      \
 						 robust_head.list);	      \
     mutex->__data.__list.__prev = (void *) &THREAD_SELF->robust_head;	      \
+    /* Ensure that the new list entry is ready before we insert it.  */	      \
+    __asm ("" ::: "memory");						      \
     THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list,			      \
 		   (void *) (((uintptr_t) &mutex->__data.__list.__next)	      \
 			     | val));					      \
@@ -205,6 +216,9 @@ struct pthread
       ((char *) (((uintptr_t) mutex->__data.__list.__prev) & ~1ul)	      \
        - QUEUE_PTR_ADJUST);						      \
     prev->__next = mutex->__data.__list.__next;				      \
+    /* Ensure that we remove the entry from the list before we change the     \
+       __next pointer of the entry, which is read by the kernel.  */	      \
+    __asm ("" ::: "memory");						      \
     mutex->__data.__list.__prev = NULL;					      \
     mutex->__data.__list.__next = NULL;					      \
   } while (0)
@@ -219,6 +233,8 @@ struct pthread
   do {									      \
     mutex->__data.__list.__next						      \
       = THREAD_GETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_list.__next);		      \
+    /* Ensure that the new list entry is ready before we insert it.  */	      \
+    __asm ("" ::: "memory");						      \
     THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_list.__next,			      \
 		   (void *) (((uintptr_t) &mutex->__data.__list) | val));     \
   } while (0)
@@ -239,6 +255,9 @@ struct pthread
 	  }								      \
 									      \
 	runp->__next = next->__next;					      \
+	/* Ensure that we remove the entry from the list before we change the \
+	   __next pointer of the entry, which is read by the kernel.  */      \
+	    __asm ("" ::: "memory");					      \
 	mutex->__data.__list.__next = NULL;				      \
       }									      \
   } while (0)
diff --git a/nptl/pthread_mutex_lock.c b/nptl/pthread_mutex_lock.c
index 9b81f88..dc9ca4c 100644
--- a/nptl/pthread_mutex_lock.c
+++ b/nptl/pthread_mutex_lock.c
@@ -180,6 +180,9 @@ __pthread_mutex_lock_full (pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
     case PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST_ADAPTIVE_NP:
       THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending,
 		     &mutex->__data.__list.__next);
+      /* We need to set op_pending before starting the operation.  Also
+	 see comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX.  */
+      __asm ("" ::: "memory");
 
       oldval = mutex->__data.__lock;
       /* This is set to FUTEX_WAITERS iff we might have shared the
@@ -227,7 +230,12 @@ __pthread_mutex_lock_full (pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
 	      /* But it is inconsistent unless marked otherwise.  */
 	      mutex->__data.__owner = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INCONSISTENT;
 
+	      /* We must not enqueue the mutex before we have acquired it.
+		 Also see comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX.  */
+	      __asm ("" ::: "memory");
 	      ENQUEUE_MUTEX (mutex);
+	      /* We need to clear op_pending after we enqueue the mutex.  */
+	      __asm ("" ::: "memory");
 	      THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
 
 	      /* Note that we deliberately exit here.  If we fall
@@ -249,6 +257,8 @@ __pthread_mutex_lock_full (pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
 	      int kind = PTHREAD_MUTEX_TYPE (mutex);
 	      if (kind == PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST_ERRORCHECK_NP)
 		{
+		  /* We do not need to ensure ordering wrt another memory
+		     access.  Also see comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX. */
 		  THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending,
 				 NULL);
 		  return EDEADLK;
@@ -256,6 +266,8 @@ __pthread_mutex_lock_full (pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
 
 	      if (kind == PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST_RECURSIVE_NP)
 		{
+		  /* We do not need to ensure ordering wrt another memory
+		     access.  */
 		  THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending,
 				 NULL);
 
@@ -308,12 +320,19 @@ __pthread_mutex_lock_full (pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
 	  mutex->__data.__count = 0;
 	  int private = PTHREAD_ROBUST_MUTEX_PSHARED (mutex);
 	  lll_unlock (mutex->__data.__lock, private);
+	  /* FIXME This violates the mutex destruction requirements.  See
+	     __pthread_mutex_unlock_full.  */
 	  THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
 	  return ENOTRECOVERABLE;
 	}
 
       mutex->__data.__count = 1;
+      /* We must not enqueue the mutex before we have acquired it.
+	 Also see comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX.  */
+      __asm ("" ::: "memory");
       ENQUEUE_MUTEX (mutex);
+      /* We need to clear op_pending after we enqueue the mutex.  */
+      __asm ("" ::: "memory");
       THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
       break;
 
@@ -334,10 +353,15 @@ __pthread_mutex_lock_full (pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
 	int robust = mutex->__data.__kind & PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST_NORMAL_NP;
 
 	if (robust)
-	  /* Note: robust PI futexes are signaled by setting bit 0.  */
-	  THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending,
-			 (void *) (((uintptr_t) &mutex->__data.__list.__next)
-				   | 1));
+	  {
+	    /* Note: robust PI futexes are signaled by setting bit 0.  */
+	    THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending,
+			   (void *) (((uintptr_t) &mutex->__data.__list.__next)
+				     | 1));
+	    /* We need to set op_pending before starting the operation.  Also
+	       see comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX.  */
+	    __asm ("" ::: "memory");
+	  }
 
 	oldval = mutex->__data.__lock;
 
@@ -346,12 +370,16 @@ __pthread_mutex_lock_full (pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
 	  {
 	    if (kind == PTHREAD_MUTEX_ERRORCHECK_NP)
 	      {
+		/* We do not need to ensure ordering wrt another memory
+		   access.  */
 		THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
 		return EDEADLK;
 	      }
 
 	    if (kind == PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE_NP)
 	      {
+		/* We do not need to ensure ordering wrt another memory
+		   access.  */
 		THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
 
 		/* Just bump the counter.  */
@@ -414,7 +442,12 @@ __pthread_mutex_lock_full (pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
 	    /* But it is inconsistent unless marked otherwise.  */
 	    mutex->__data.__owner = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INCONSISTENT;
 
+	    /* We must not enqueue the mutex before we have acquired it.
+	       Also see comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX.  */
+	    __asm ("" ::: "memory");
 	    ENQUEUE_MUTEX_PI (mutex);
+	    /* We need to clear op_pending after we enqueue the mutex.  */
+	    __asm ("" ::: "memory");
 	    THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
 
 	    /* Note that we deliberately exit here.  If we fall
@@ -442,6 +475,8 @@ __pthread_mutex_lock_full (pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
 						  PTHREAD_ROBUST_MUTEX_PSHARED (mutex)),
 			      0, 0);
 
+	    /* To the kernel, this will be visible after the kernel has
+	       acquired the mutex in the syscall.  */
 	    THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
 	    return ENOTRECOVERABLE;
 	  }
@@ -449,7 +484,12 @@ __pthread_mutex_lock_full (pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
 	mutex->__data.__count = 1;
 	if (robust)
 	  {
+	    /* We must not enqueue the mutex before we have acquired it.
+	       Also see comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX.  */
+	    __asm ("" ::: "memory");
 	    ENQUEUE_MUTEX_PI (mutex);
+	    /* We need to clear op_pending after we enqueue the mutex.  */
+	    __asm ("" ::: "memory");
 	    THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
 	  }
       }
diff --git a/nptl/pthread_mutex_timedlock.c b/nptl/pthread_mutex_timedlock.c
index ddd46fe..a4beb7b 100644
--- a/nptl/pthread_mutex_timedlock.c
+++ b/nptl/pthread_mutex_timedlock.c
@@ -140,6 +140,9 @@ pthread_mutex_timedlock (pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
     case PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST_ADAPTIVE_NP:
       THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending,
 		     &mutex->__data.__list.__next);
+      /* We need to set op_pending before starting the operation.  Also
+	 see comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX.  */
+      __asm ("" ::: "memory");
 
       oldval = mutex->__data.__lock;
       /* This is set to FUTEX_WAITERS iff we might have shared the
@@ -177,7 +180,12 @@ pthread_mutex_timedlock (pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
 	      /* But it is inconsistent unless marked otherwise.  */
 	      mutex->__data.__owner = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INCONSISTENT;
 
+	      /* We must not enqueue the mutex before we have acquired it.
+		 Also see comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX.  */
+	      __asm ("" ::: "memory");
 	      ENQUEUE_MUTEX (mutex);
+	      /* We need to clear op_pending after we enqueue the mutex.  */
+	      __asm ("" ::: "memory");
 	      THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
 
 	      /* Note that we deliberately exit here.  If we fall
@@ -193,6 +201,8 @@ pthread_mutex_timedlock (pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
 	      int kind = PTHREAD_MUTEX_TYPE (mutex);
 	      if (kind == PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST_ERRORCHECK_NP)
 		{
+		  /* We do not need to ensure ordering wrt another memory
+		     access.  Also see comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX. */
 		  THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending,
 				 NULL);
 		  return EDEADLK;
@@ -200,6 +210,8 @@ pthread_mutex_timedlock (pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
 
 	      if (kind == PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST_RECURSIVE_NP)
 		{
+		  /* We do not need to ensure ordering wrt another memory
+		     access.  */
 		  THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending,
 				 NULL);
 
@@ -294,12 +306,19 @@ pthread_mutex_timedlock (pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
 	  mutex->__data.__count = 0;
 	  int private = PTHREAD_ROBUST_MUTEX_PSHARED (mutex);
 	  lll_unlock (mutex->__data.__lock, private);
+	  /* FIXME This violates the mutex destruction requirements.  See
+	     __pthread_mutex_unlock_full.  */
 	  THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
 	  return ENOTRECOVERABLE;
 	}
 
       mutex->__data.__count = 1;
+      /* We must not enqueue the mutex before we have acquired it.
+	 Also see comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX.  */
+      __asm ("" ::: "memory");
       ENQUEUE_MUTEX (mutex);
+      /* We need to clear op_pending after we enqueue the mutex.  */
+      __asm ("" ::: "memory");
       THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
       break;
 
@@ -320,10 +339,15 @@ pthread_mutex_timedlock (pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
 	int robust = mutex->__data.__kind & PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST_NORMAL_NP;
 
 	if (robust)
-	  /* Note: robust PI futexes are signaled by setting bit 0.  */
-	  THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending,
-			 (void *) (((uintptr_t) &mutex->__data.__list.__next)
-				   | 1));
+	  {
+	    /* Note: robust PI futexes are signaled by setting bit 0.  */
+	    THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending,
+			   (void *) (((uintptr_t) &mutex->__data.__list.__next)
+				     | 1));
+	    /* We need to set op_pending before starting the operation.  Also
+	       see comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX.  */
+	    __asm ("" ::: "memory");
+	  }
 
 	oldval = mutex->__data.__lock;
 
@@ -332,12 +356,16 @@ pthread_mutex_timedlock (pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
 	  {
 	    if (kind == PTHREAD_MUTEX_ERRORCHECK_NP)
 	      {
+		/* We do not need to ensure ordering wrt another memory
+		   access.  */
 		THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
 		return EDEADLK;
 	      }
 
 	    if (kind == PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE_NP)
 	      {
+		/* We do not need to ensure ordering wrt another memory
+		   access.  */
 		THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
 
 		/* Just bump the counter.  */
@@ -424,7 +452,12 @@ pthread_mutex_timedlock (pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
 	    /* But it is inconsistent unless marked otherwise.  */
 	    mutex->__data.__owner = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INCONSISTENT;
 
+	    /* We must not enqueue the mutex before we have acquired it.
+	       Also see comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX.  */
+	    __asm ("" ::: "memory");
 	    ENQUEUE_MUTEX_PI (mutex);
+	    /* We need to clear op_pending after we enqueue the mutex.  */
+	    __asm ("" ::: "memory");
 	    THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
 
 	    /* Note that we deliberately exit here.  If we fall
@@ -447,6 +480,8 @@ pthread_mutex_timedlock (pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
 						  PTHREAD_ROBUST_MUTEX_PSHARED (mutex)),
 			      0, 0);
 
+	    /* To the kernel, this will be visible after the kernel has
+	       acquired the mutex in the syscall.  */
 	    THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
 	    return ENOTRECOVERABLE;
 	  }
@@ -454,7 +489,12 @@ pthread_mutex_timedlock (pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
 	mutex->__data.__count = 1;
 	if (robust)
 	  {
+	    /* We must not enqueue the mutex before we have acquired it.
+	       Also see comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX.  */
+	    __asm ("" ::: "memory");
 	    ENQUEUE_MUTEX_PI (mutex);
+	    /* We need to clear op_pending after we enqueue the mutex.  */
+	    __asm ("" ::: "memory");
 	    THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
 	  }
 	}
diff --git a/nptl/pthread_mutex_unlock.c b/nptl/pthread_mutex_unlock.c
index d3b3990..f701d4e 100644
--- a/nptl/pthread_mutex_unlock.c
+++ b/nptl/pthread_mutex_unlock.c
@@ -143,6 +143,9 @@ __pthread_mutex_unlock_full (pthread_mutex_t *mutex, int decr)
       /* Remove mutex from the list.  */
       THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending,
 		     &mutex->__data.__list.__next);
+      /* We must set op_pending before we dequeue the mutex.  Also see
+	 comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX.  */
+      __asm ("" ::: "memory");
       DEQUEUE_MUTEX (mutex);
 
       mutex->__data.__owner = newowner;
@@ -159,6 +162,14 @@ __pthread_mutex_unlock_full (pthread_mutex_t *mutex, int decr)
 			     & FUTEX_WAITERS) != 0))
 	lll_futex_wake (&mutex->__data.__lock, 1, private);
 
+      /* We must clear op_pending after we release the mutex.
+	 FIXME However, this violates the mutex destruction requirements
+	 because another thread could acquire the mutex, destroy it, and
+	 reuse the memory for something else; then, if this thread crashes,
+	 and the memory happens to have a value equal to the TID, the kernel
+	 will believe it is still related to the mutex (which has been
+	 destroyed already) and will modify some other random object.  */
+      __asm ("" ::: "memory");
       THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
       break;
 
@@ -227,6 +238,9 @@ __pthread_mutex_unlock_full (pthread_mutex_t *mutex, int decr)
 	  THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending,
 			 (void *) (((uintptr_t) &mutex->__data.__list.__next)
 				   | 1));
+	  /* We must set op_pending before we dequeue the mutex.  Also see
+	     comments at ENQUEUE_MUTEX.  */
+	  __asm ("" ::: "memory");
 	  DEQUEUE_MUTEX (mutex);
 	}
 
@@ -262,6 +276,9 @@ __pthread_mutex_unlock_full (pthread_mutex_t *mutex, int decr)
       while (!atomic_compare_exchange_weak_release (&mutex->__data.__lock,
 						    &l, 0));
 
+      /* This happens after the kernel releases the mutex but violates the
+	 mutex destruction requirements; see comments in the code handling
+	 PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST_NORMAL_NP.  */
       THREAD_SETMEM (THREAD_SELF, robust_head.list_op_pending, NULL);
       break;
 #endif  /* __NR_futex.  */
